• Heart palpitations or a rapid increase in heart rate (tachycardia) when standing up
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Fainting or near-fainting episodes (syncope or pre-syncope)
  • Fatigue or exercise intolerance
  • Brain fog or difficulty concentrating
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Cold hands and feet
  • Blurred vision
  • Shortness of breath